Podsumowanie
1. Blizny stanowią istotny czynnik pogarszający jakość życia pacjentów.
2. Obecnie istnieje szeroki wachlarz dostępnych metod terapeutycznych.
3. Wybór odpowiedniej metody jest uzależniony od rodzaju blizny.
4. Stosowanie technik łączonych przynosi lepsze efekty.
5. Najważniejszym czynnikiem pozostają działania profilaktyczne wdrażane od momentu powstania rany.
ABSTRACT
A scar results from damage to the dermis and its replacement with fibrous connective tissue when wound healing has been disrupted. Wound healing involves the stages of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue remodeling. Atrophic scars are more common and occur as a result of reduced collagen levels, leading to visible defects on the skin. Hypertrophic scars form due to uncontrolled proliferation of fibroblasts and an excess of extracellular matrix, the overproduction of which is determined by genetic predisposition, location and prolonged wound healing, incorrect surgical techniques and the African race. They are clinically manifested as protruding lesions and, unlike keloids, remain within the limits of the original wound. The dynamic development of esthetic medicine procedures has considerably increased the accessibility of therapeutic methods. The most frequently used methods in the treatment of scars, as described in the present paper, include dermabrasion, laser therapy, radiofrequency, subcutaneous incisions, skin needling, the punch technique, chemical peeling, tissue filling, injection pharmacotherapy, cryotherapy and radiotherapy. Many of these methods are successfully used in combination therapies. The choice of a suitable treatment option should be determined by the type of scar and consideration of adverse effects.
Despite the multitude of therapeutic methods available, the most significant area is prevention. Preventive measures include proper cleaning and suturing of the wound, counteracting the development of inflammation and avoiding sun exposure of new scars. Available methods used in the prevention of scar formation include the application of silicone dressings, medications with an onion extract, compression therapy and type A botulinum toxin procedures.
KEYWORDS: scar, treatment, prevention.
Zdjęcia: dr hab. Beaty Bergler-Czop – Tomasz Jodłowski, pozostałych autorów – archiwum prywatne (3), przypadków – Skin Laser Lubelscy Medycyna Estetyczna i Dermatologia (3)
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