ABSTRACT
One Pertussis, two vaccines
While pertussis (whooping cough), caused by infection of the respiratory tract by the Gram-negative rods Bordetella pertussis, is a common respiratory disease, it continues to rank among the least controlled of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Protection against pertussis is commonly achieved with two types of vaccine: whole-cell (wP) vaccines and newer acellular (aP) vaccines. Although both these types are immunogenic and effective, they both come with their advantages and drawbacks. Whole-cell vaccines afford longer immunity against pertussis, but are much more reactogenic. aP vaccines produce fewer adverse effects, but they induce shorter-lasting immunity and do not protect patients from upper respiratory colonisation and transmission of the bacteria, thus possibly contributing to a rise in the incidence of whooping cough. Researchers and WHO experts point out that aP vaccine is not effective enough. Surveillance data and models suggest that aP vaccine use may lead to a revival of pertussis after several years, which may lead to increased risk of death in individuals too young to be vaccinated.
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