Heartburn – first steps in patient education, diagnosis and treatment
Abstract
In developed countries, 20% of adult population suffers from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Heartburn is the most common symptom in GERD, but it may be also present in diseases not associated with gastroesophageal reflux. A presumptive diagnosis of GERD can be established in the setting of typical symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation (1-2 times a week). Empiric medical therapy with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is recommended in this setting. If the heartburn is accompanied by alarming symptoms, an upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy should be performed promptly. If the PPI treatment is insufficient, additional tests should be performed (upper GI endoscopy with biopsies, 24-hour esophageal impedance-pH monitoring, esophageal manometry) to investigate the cause of heartburn. Further management depends on the final diagnosis.
Piśmiennictwo
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