ABSTRACT
Ectopic eruption of a permanent tooth is eruption at a location that is not normal for this tooth. Such a tooth can cause resorption of a primary tooth other than its predecessor or even resorption of an adjacent permanent tooth. An interesting example of this, occurring with a prevalence of 2-6%, is ectopic eruption of the first permanent molars. Clinically, we can see a partially erupted crown of the first permanent molar with the distal part of the crown seen above the gingiva while the mesial part is blocked subgingivally under a protrusion of the distal surface of the second primary molar. Radiologically, there is resorption of the roots of the second primary molar. This situation can be reversible or irreversible. If the first permanent molar cannot free itself from this blockade, the resorption will continue, which will result in premature loss of the primary tooth. This can cause space loss and lack of place for the second permanent premolar in the future. The aim of treatment is to help the permanent one to erupt correctly and keep the primary tooth till its physiological exfoliation. The methods of treatment of irreversible ectopic eruption of the first permanent molars can be divided into 3 groups. The first one bases on different types of separators placed between the second primary molar and the first permanent molar, which should correct the path of eruption of the permanent tooth. The second group uses special types of removable orthodontic appliances for active distalization of the ectopic first permanent molar. The third solution is extraction of the second primary molar, which can be practised in cases with severe resorption of this tooth. In such cases, preservation of space for the permanent premolar is required.
KEYWORDS: ectopic eruption, first permanent molars, resorption.
Zdjęcia: autorek – Andrzej Szkocki (4), przypadku – Zakład Stomatologii Dziecięcej PUM (2)
Piśmiennictwo
1. Bjerklin K, Kurol J, Valentin J. Ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars and association with other tooth and developmental disturbances. Eur J Orthodont 1992;14:369-75
2. Fields HW. Leczenie ortodontyczne dzieci starszych. In: Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Ortodoncja współczesna. Elsevier Urban and Partner. Wrocław 2010; 125-9
3. Bjerklin K, Kurol J. Ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molars: etiologic factors. Am J Orthod 1983;84(2):147-55
4. Gungor HC, Altay N. Ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars: treatment options and report of two cases. J Clin Pediatr Dent 1998;22(3):211-6
5. Kupietzky A. Correction of ectopic eruption of permanent molars utilizing the brass wire technique. Pediatr Dent 2000;22:408-12
6. Barberia-Leache E, Suarez-Clúa MC, Saavedra-Ontiveros D. Ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molar: characteristics and occurrence in growing children. Angle Orthod 2005;75:610-5
7. Salbach A, Schremmer B, Grabowski R, Stahl de Castrillon F. Correlation between the frequency of eruption disorders for the first permanent molars and the occurrence of malocclusions in early mixed dentition. J Orofac Orthop 2012;73:298-306
8. Mooney GC, Morgan AG, Rodd HD, North S. Ectopic eruption of first permanent molars; a preliminary report of presenting features and associations. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2007;8(3):153-7
9. Chintakanon K, Boonpinon P. Ectopic eruption of the first permanent molars: prevalence and etiologic factors. Angle Orthod 1998;68(2):153-60
10. Bell R. Diagnosis and interceptive management of ectopic first permanent molars. Dostęp on-line 27.07.2016
11. Hirayama K, Chow M. Correcting ectopic first permanent molars with metal or elastic separators. Pediatr Dent 1992;14(5):342-4
12. Kennedy DB. Clinical Tips for the Halterman appliance. Pediatr Dent 2007;29:327-9