Podsumowanie

Ciąża u kobiety z padaczką jest ciążą wysokiego ryzyka ze względu na powikłania i zagrożenia, jakie niesie dla matki, a także z uwagi na większe ryzyko wad wrodzonych i nieprawidłowości rozwoju płodu. Przypomnienie i uświadomienie sobie zagrożeń przez neurologów ma na celu poprawę opieki nad ciężarnymi. Od lekarza zależy, jakie leki przepisze kobietom w wieku rozrodczym, jak będzie monitorował leczenie w ciąży i na ile pomoże w wyborze ośrodka położniczego i rodzaju porodu. Ogromne znaczenie ma także edukacja kobiet i włączenie ich w proces leczenia i decydowania o sobie. Konieczne są: wczesna suplementacja kwasem foliowym w prewencji wad cewy nerwowej, monitorowanie poziomu LPP we krwi matki, suplementacja witaminą K pod koniec ciąży w ramach zapobiegania krwotokom u noworodka. Analizy Europejskiego Rejestru Ciąż (EURAP) potwierdzają, że większość kobiet z padaczką wolnych od napadów na początku ciąży ma szansę na utrzymanie takiego stanu.

Abstract

Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting women of reproductive age. Pregnancy is undoubtedly a health problem for women with epilepsy and should be categorized as a high risk pregnancy. At the same time, it is a social problem associated with the high teratogenic potential of antiepileptic drugs and, therefore, requires special education programmes to reduce the risk of such complications. This paper discusses the problems of fertility, probable risks associated with pregnancy for women with epilepsy and the potential developmental risk for the baby, arising from both the disease itself and the therapy. Although most women with epilepsy have uncomplicated pregnancies, they are the group with the highest risk of sudden death among all pregnant women.

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