ABSTRACT

Neuropathy – a condition of reversible and structural nature

Diabetic neuropathy is the most common chronic complication of diabetes. The damage to peripheral nerves is observed in both the sensory-motor and the autonomic systems. Distal symmetrical sensory polyneuropathy increases the frequency of hospitalization to a higher degree than other complications of diabetes, and is the main reason for non-traumatic amputations of the lower limbs. Its diagnosis is difficult because the progressive damage to distal nerve fibers initially does not cause clinically significant symptoms - they appear in the phase of advanced changes in the nerves. In turn, autonomic cardiovascular neuropathy, which is the result of damage to vagus nerves and sympathetic fibers supplying the heart and blood vessels, is an independent factor of death. Although diabetic neuropathy has many complications, it is often not given proper attention to early detection and careful treatment. This is due to the fact that the diagnosis is difficult, and the treatment of the advanced changes is not sufficiently effective.

KEYWORDS: diabetic polyneuropathy, diabetic autonomic neuropathy.

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